The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.The mitral valve is between the left atrium and the left ventricle.The pulmonary valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and the right ventricle.There are four valves within the heart. Each valve has flaps that prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction - opening to allow forward flow of blood and closing to prevent backward flow. Muscular walls, called septa or septum, divide the heart into two sides and keep the two kinds of blood from mixing.On the left side of the heart, the left atrium and left ventricle combine to pump oxygenated blood back through the body.On the right side of the heart, the right atrium and right ventricle work to pump oxygen-poor blood returning from the body back to the lungs to be reoxygenated.The heart is a two-sided pump made up of four chambers: the upper two chambers called atria and the lower two called the ventricles. Consider a ventricular contraction where there is a hole in the septum.View this video with a transcript The structure of the heart A ventricular septal defect occurs in some newborns where the septum (E) does not close completely during development. Based on your knowledge of the heart, describe what happens to the blood of someone who has this condition.Ĥ. Mitral regurgitation is a heart condition that occurs when the mitral valve does not close fully. Compare the direction of blood flow in the pulmonary artery to the pulmonary vein.ģ. Compare the location of the tricuspid and bicuspid.Ģ. Red the descriptions carefully and trace the flow of bloon in the heart using arrows.ĭon't forget to LABEL the parts of the heart on the diagram!ġ. The aorta forms an arch as blood is routed to the lower part of the body where it oxygenates organs and muscles. Color the aorta dark red.īlood enters the aorta and will travel to the head and shoulders through three smaller arteries: the brachiocephalic (6a), the left common carotid (6b), and the left subclavian (6c). A powerful contraction of the left ventricle will send blood through the aortic valve (C) and into the largest artery of the body, the aorta (6). Color the left atrium red.įrom the left atrium, blood goes through the bicuspid valve, which is also called the mitral valve (D) and enters the most muscular part of the heart, the left ventricle (4). Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs through the left and right pulmonary veins (9) which empties into the left atrium (3). Color the pumonary trunk and arteries light blue. This artery branches into two arteries, the left pulmonary artery (5L) and the right pulmonary artery (5R) which will deliver the blood to the lungs where it will become oxygenated. Color the right ventricle dark purple.įrom the right ventricle, blood is pushed out through the pulmonary valve (B) and into the pulmonary trunk (5).
Color both dark blue.īlood then enters the right atrium (1) where a small contraction pushes blood through the tricuspid valve (A) and into the right ventricle (2). **For each of the numbers described below, LABEL on the heart diagram.**īlood that has traveled through the body supplying nutrients to tissues eventually returns to the heart through the superior vena cava (7) and the inferior vena cava (8). This means that as you look at the heart, the left side refers to the "patient's" left side and not your left side. The heart has four chambers, and most diagrams will show the heart as it is viewed from the ventral side. Mammals and birds (and some reptiles) have what is known as a double-loop circulatory system, where blood leaves the heart, goes to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated and then returns to the heart before delivering the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. The human heart is similar to the hearts of other vertebrates. Learn the Anatomy of the Heart (by Number)
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